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Last Updated: Aug 1, 2008 - 10:24:18 AM |
SUNDAY FEB 17, 2008 (foodconsumer.org) -- June Chan, an associate professor at UCSF presented her population migration study on nutritional epidemiology of prostate cancer at a recent conference saying populations with low risk of prostate cancer moving to a high risk area shifted to a higher risk profile, UROTODAY.com reported.
It was reported that Chinese men in China had risk of prostate cancer at the rate of 3 per 100,000 and the risk three generations later after they moved to the US increased to 100-120 per 100,000, suggesting that epigenetic events affect prostate cancer risk.
According to UROTODAY.com, dietary risk factors for prostate cancer include foods high in calcium and possibly processed foods and red meats while foods that have protective effects include those rich in lycopene and selenium and possibly legumes, vegetables, vitamin E, antioxidants, fish and marine n-3 fatty acids.
Chinese people a couple of decades ago used low fat, low protein and low meat diet. Their diet was full of grains and vegetables. Processed foods were rare. In contrast, Americans use a diet with high fat (more than 30% calories), high protein (more than 15% calories) and high refined sugar.
The study was presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) - 2008 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium - A Multidisciplinary Approach - during February 14-16, 2008 in San Francisco, California, USA
Prostate cancer is a common, yet not as aggressive cancer that will be diagnosed in about 218,890 men in the United States and 27,050 died from the disease in 2007. However, prostate cancer is probably one of the easy-to-handle cancers.
Much research has been done on how foods could affect risk of prostate cancer. The following are cited from news articles published early on foodconsumer.org to give readers a glimpse of what men can do to prevent the disease.
1) A new review published in the September 2007 issue of Nutrition Review showed that eating plant-based diets may help patients with prostate cancer.
The review conducted by Berkow SE from George Mason University and colleagues was based on eight observational studies and 17 intervention or laboratory trials on the effect of plant-based diets and plant nutrients on both the progression and clinical outcome of prostate cancer.
2) Drinking black tea may help stop progression of prostate cancer, suggests a new Indian study published in the Sept 15 issue of Life Science.
3) Taking lycopene supplements alone or along with soy isoflavones may prohibit growth prostate cancer, according to a phase II trial by researchers from Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan.
4) Drinking lots of green tea a day was linked with reduced risk of advanced prostate cancer, but not localized prostate cancer, Japanese researchers found, adding to a growing body of evidence suggesting that green tea may provide protection against cancer.
The study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found those who drank five or more cups of green tea a day were 48 percent less likely to develop advanced prostate cancer. The association was not seen for localize prostate cancer though.
5) Taking supplements of soy isoflavones may help men at high risk of prostate cancer, suggests a new study by researchers from the University of Minnesota.
The study, published in the October 2007 issue of Journal of Nutrition, confirmed early studies that showed an inverse association between isoflavones and prostate cancer in Japanese men,
6) Eating just one serving or more of broccoli and cauliflower a week may reduce risk of prostate cancer by up to 45 percent, according to a new study published in the August 1 2007 issue of Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
7) Men consuming high levels of soy products rich in isoflavones might be able to drastically reduce risk of prostate cancer, according to a Japanese study appearing in the August 2007 issue of Journal of Nutrition, a publication of American Society for Nutrition.
8) Increased intake of soy isoflavones may reduce the risk of localized prostate cancer by up to 50%, according to a Japanese study, which also found high intake of soy compounds may worsen advanced prostate cancer.
9) High dietary intake of selenium may reduce risk of prostate cancer in certain groups of men, a new study suggests.
The study by Ulrike Peters and colleagues from the Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA and other organizations found that the possible benefit was not for every man studied, but only for those who reported a high vitamin E intake and those taking multivitamins.
10) Eating tomatoes and broccoli together can maximize their protective effect against prostate cancer, according to a new study published in the January 15 issue of Cancer Research.
Tomatoes and broccoli are two vegetables known for their cancer-fighting properties. But when used together, they are more effective in shrinking prostate tumors than they are used separately, the new research stressed.
11) Eating just one portion of salmon per week may decrease the risk of prostate cancer by about 43 percent, according to a new study be Swedish researchers, who say the effect is mainly due to the omega-3 fatty acids in the fish.
12) Drinking pomegranate juice may help slow the growth of prostate cancer, suggests a small study published in the July 1 issue of journal Clinical Cancer Research.
The study, funded by the industry, found it took a longer time for men who drank pomegranate juice to double PSA in their blood. PSA is a protein marker indicating the presence of prostate cancer.
13) A new Italian study says that 50 percent of prostate cancer patients self-reported hypercholesterolemia, and the rate was 80 percent among those who were at the age of 65 or older.
The study, published in a recent issue of Annals of Oncology, also found that there was an association between high cholesterol and gallstones although the association was not statistically significant.
14) Eating oily fish or taking omega-3 fatty acids supplements may help prevent the spread of aggressive prostate cancer to other parts of the body while high intake of omega-6 fatty acids may do the opposite, according to a new UK cancer study.
The study, published online in the March 27 issue of British Journal of Cancer, found that the type of fatty acids determines how they influence the risk of metastatic prostate cancer. The UK researchers found Omega-3 fatty acids inhibit proliferation of prostate cancer cells whereas Omega-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acid, known as Arachidonic acid, promotes the proliferation of malignant prostate epithelial cells.
15) A hot pepper compound known as capsaicin may help men fight prostate cancer, according to a new study published in the March 15 issue of Cancer Research.
The study, led by Soren Lehmann and colleagues from the Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA, found the hot pepper component induced deaths of about 80 percent of prostate cancer cells growing in mice.
16) Calcitriol, an active metabolite of vitamin D and other vitamin D analogs, may help prevent prostate cancer, according to a study presented Nov. 1, at the American Association for Cancer Research's 4th annual Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research meeting in Baltimore.
17) Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could be a good defense against prostate cancer, according to a Case Western Reserve University study published in the October online issue of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal.
18) An epidemiological study suggested that use of vitamin E both alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol may reduce the risk of prostate cancer.
The study involved 100 patients with prostate cancer and 200 cancer free controls from a population of 29,000 Finnish men.
19) A study suggested that consumption of lycopene and other carotenoids may help prevent prostate cancer.
Researchers of the study interviewed some 500 participants from Southeast China for their dietary habits. Among the participants, 130 had prostate cancer and the rest were cancer-free.
20) A recent study suggested that eating lycopene and vitamin E rich diet may protect against prostate cancer.
The study conducted by Dutch researchers found that a low dose of lycopene slowed the growth of prostate tumor implanted in mice by 50 percent. When lycopene was used together with vitamin E, the growth of prostate tumor was reduced by 75 percent.
In short, using a plant-based diet with no or reduced meat is the way to prevent prostate cancer.
© 2004-2008 by foodconsumer.org unless otherwise specified
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